If you are experiencing menstrual irregularities and have come across “Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)” in your internet searches, you are not alone. Today, when many women experience irregular menstrual cycles or weight problems, the first thing that comes to mind is “Am I suffering from PCOS?”. But does every menstrual irregularity really mean PCOS?
What is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)?
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is one of the most common hormonal disorders in women. It is characterized by the appearance of many small cyst-like structures on the ovaries, but the main problem is hormone imbalance. PCOS is not only characterized by menstrual irregularities, but also by many other symptoms such as hair growth, acne, weight gain and difficulty conceiving.
When is Menstrual Irregularity a Sign of PCOS?
Not all menstrual irregularities are PCOS. But if it is accompanied by the following symptoms, the likelihood of PCOS increases:
- Menstrual cycles lasting longer than 35 days or very infrequent
- Increased hair growth in areas such as face, chin and chest
- Weight gain, especially fat around the waist
- Acne and oily skin
- Hair loss (male pattern hair loss)
- Difficulty in pregnancy due to ovulation problems
If you have one or more of these symptoms, it is important to see a gynecologist.
How is PCOS Diagnosed?
The diagnosis of polycystic ovary usually requires at least two of the following three criteria (Rotterdam Criteria):
- Menstrual Irregularity: Infrequent menstruation or no menstruation at all
- Hyperandrogenism High levels of male hormones (hair growth, acne, hair loss, etc.)
- Polycystic appearance on ultrasound: The appearance of many small follicles in the ovaries
Diagnosis may require hormone tests, ultrasound and examination. PCOS is not a serious disease, but in the long term it may be associated with risks such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, infertility, hypertension.
Can Menstrual Irregularities Occur Without PCOS?
Absolutely! Many causes other than PCOS can also disrupt menstrual cycles:
- Excessive stress
- Rapid weight loss or gain
- Thyroid disorders
- Eating disorders
- Intense exercise
- Other diseases of the uterus or ovaries
It is therefore very important not to self-diagnose PCOS. If menstrual irregularities are present, specialist assessment is needed to understand the underlying cause.
Is PCOS Treatable?
Although there is no definitive cure for PCOS, symptoms can be managed and quality of life can be improved. Treatment is individualized and usually includes the following steps:
- Healthy diet and regular exercise
- Treatments for insulin resistance
- Hormone-regulating drugs (birth control pills, etc.)
- Skin treatments for hair growth and acne
- Ovulation stimulation treatments for patients who want to get pregnant
Conclusion
Not all menstrual irregularities are PCOS, but if you are experiencing these symptoms, seeing a gynecologist is the right step. Early diagnosis can improve your quality of life and prevent future health problems.