1. Natural Methods (Calendar Method, Withdrawal Method)

Natural methods do not use hormones or chemicals for contraception. Instead, it is based on natural processes such as a woman’s ovulation and menstrual cycle.

• Calendar Method: It is based on following the menstrual cycle of women and not having sexual intercourse during the most fertile period.
• Withdrawal Method: The man exits the vagina at the moment of ejaculation, aiming to prevent sperm from entering the vagina.

Advantages: Provides a natural approach as it is chemical-free.
Disadvantages: It has a high failure rate and does not prevent sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

2. Condom

A condom is one of the most widely used forms of contraception and is a latex or polyurethane barrier made for men.

• Advantages: Provides both contraception and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
• Disadvantages: May be ineffective if not used correctly. May not be suitable for allergy sufferers.

3. Hormonal Birth Control Methods

Hormonal contraceptives prevent pregnancy by changing the hormones in the female body. The most well-known hormonal methods are:

• Birth Control Pill: It is very effective when used regularly.
• Birth Control Injection: It is administered monthly or quarterly and provides effective contraception.
• Superficial Implants and Patches: Patches or implants placed on the skin provide long-term protection.

Advantages: High efficacy rate, user-friendly and can regulate the menstrual cycle.
Disadvantages: Side effects may occur and it does not protect against STDs.

4. Spiral (IUD/IUD)

A spiral is a small T-shaped device that is inserted into the uterus and prevents pregnancy. It may contain hormones or copper.

• Advantages Provides long-lasting protection (3-5 years) and is effective.
• Disadvantages: There may be pain during the first insertion, which may be uncomfortable for some women.

5. Implants (Birth Control Chips)

Implants are small chips placed under the skin. They prevent pregnancy by releasing hormones.

• Advantages 3 years of effective protection.
• Disadvantages: Insertion requires a procedure, some side effects may occur.

6. Emergency contraceptive pills (morning after pill)

Emergency contraceptive pills are medicines used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex. They are only recommended for emergencies and are time-limited as well as effective.

• Advantages Provides a quick solution to prevent unwanted pregnancy.
• Disadvantages: It should only be used in emergencies and is not a substitute for a regular method.

7. Sterilization (Permanent Methods)

Sterilization is a surgical procedure for couples who want to permanently avoid pregnancy. Tubal ligation is performed in women and vasectomy in men.

• Advantages It is a permanent solution.
• Disadvantages: It is irreversible and requires a serious decision.

Conclusion Which method of contraception is right for you?

Every woman and couple has different needs. Knowing about contraception can help you find the best solution for you. Whether you are looking for a temporary solution or a long-term option, it is important to talk to your doctor to make the right decision. For postpartum (breastfeeding mothers), the choice of contraception should be made more carefully and in consultation with your doctor.